The instructor acts as a facilitator to encourage discussion between students, In the guided discussion, learning is achieved through the skillful use of questions. Within a single period, the instructor may unwittingly present more information than students can absorb, and the lecture method provides no accurate means of checking student progress, Many instructors find it difficult to hold the attention of all students in a lecture throughout the class period. The instructor can tailor the presentation for the class and also include graphics at appropriate points. This is necessary because it is very important that each student perform the maneuver or operation the right way the first few times to establish a good habit. Certification tests do not represent an entire training syllabus, A broad, overall objective of any pilot training course is to qualify the student to be a competent, efficient, safe pilot for the operation of specific aircraft types under stated conditions. Discussion questions should be easy for students to understand, put forth decisively by the instructor, and followed by silence. This actually gives the instructor more time for one-on-one teaching. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by The examiner also is required to assign a practical project from each subject area. If writing has been previously prepared, it should be covered and then revealed one step at a time, If necessary, use a ruler, compass, or other devices in making drawings, Use the upper part of the board. The goal might be a certificate of completion, graduation, or an academic degree. While test preparation materials may be effective in preparing students for FAA tests, the danger is that students may learn to pass a given test, but fail to learn other critical information essential to safe piloting and maintenance practices. To test each students ability to perform, the instructor requires students to work independently throughout this phase and makes some comment about how each performed the skill relative to the way it was taught. If the student wishes to repeat a section or a portion of the section, it can be done at any time merely by clicking on the appropriate icon, In teaching aviation students, CAL programs can be used by the instructor as another type of reference for students to study. The instructor has better control of the situation, can change the approach to meet any contingency, and can tailor each idea to suit the responses of the students. The instructor should not, however, use substandard English. By symbolizing the factors involved, it is even possible to visualize abstract relationships, Instructors are frequently asked to teach more and more in a smaller time frame. They also should be meaningful to the student, lead to the desired behavioral or learning objectives, and provide appropriate reinforcement. Instructors can create their own overhead acetate or plastic transparencies, or they may purchase commercially produced ones. Frequently, good organization and natural patterns of logic dictate the sequence. SBT is a powerful tool because the future is unpredictable and there is no way to train a pilot for every combination of events that may happen in the future, Should promote situational awareness and opportunities for decision-making, Collaboration (two or more people working together) to solve problems has been used throughout time. The planning should take into consideration the wind conditions, arrival paths, communication procedures, available runways, recommended traffic patterns, and courses of action in the event the unexpected occurs. Many scenarios were coupled to the maneuver until the student not only had the requisite skills, but also related them to many conditions where they would be needed. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by One cautionthe instructional aid should keep student attention on the subject; it should not be a distracting gimmick, Clearly, a major goal of all instruction is for the student to be able to retain as much knowledge of the subject as possible, especially the key points. An instructor should also be patient and give students a chance to react. Effective use of drill and practice revolves around knowing what skill is being developed. The type of chart selected for use depends largely on the type of information the instructor wants to convey. Drawing on previously discussed theoretical knowledge, this chapter discusses specific recommendations on how to use this information to teach aviation students, Teaching is to instruct or train someone, or the profession of someone who teaches. For example, the instructor in the opening scenario is an aviation maintenance SME, Effective instructors are not only knowledgeable about aviation, they are also knowledgeable about teaching. Whatever type of projected training aid used, it is essential for the content to be current and support the lesson, Use of projected materials requires planning and practice. Depending on the nature of the representation, cost can vary. Sarcasm and/or ridicule should never be used, since they inhibit the spontaneity of the participants. A relay question is asked by a learner and the instructor requests another student to respond, Questions are so much a part of teaching that they are often taken for granted. The following conditions and controls are useful for cooperative learning, but do not need to be used every time an instructor assigns a group learning project: Clear, complete instructions of what students are to do, in what order, with what materials, and when appropriatewhat students are to do as evidence of their mastery of targeted content and skills, Student perception of targeted objectives as their own, personal objectives, Student access to and comprehension of required information, Recognition and rewards for group success, Time after completion of group tasks for students to systematically reflect upon how they worked together as a team, In practice, cooperative or group learning in aviation training is normally modified to adapt to school policy or for other valid reasons. Assessment of Piloting Ability - Flight Study This type of problem encourages the development of HOTS, which include cognitive processes such as problem solving and decision-making, as well as the cognitive skills of analysis, synthesis and evaluation. Often, instructors must improvise and adapt to the existing circumstances in order to incorporate quality instructional aids, Some of the most common and economical aids are chalk or marker boards, and supplemental print materials, including charts, diagrams, and graphs. Quiz 6 - Instructor's Responsibilities and Professionalism a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by. The instructor speaks from a mental or written outline, but does not read or memorize the material to be presented. It promotes learning through repetition because those things most often repeated are best remembered. Research indicates that students completing cooperative learning group tasks tend to have higher test scores, higher self-esteem, improved social skills, and greater comprehension of the subjects they are studying. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by. The capability to stop, freeze, and replay information is helpful for both instructors and students. As the discussion proceeds, the instructor may find it necessary to guide the direction to stimulate the students to explore the subject in greater depth or to encourage them to discuss the topic in more detail. E-learning can be as basic as an online college course taken via e-mail or as sophisticated as refining flight techniques in a helicopter simulator, Time flexible, cost competitive, learner centered, easily updated, accessible anytime, and anywhere, e-learning has many advantages that make it a popular addition to the field of education. Indications from the studies vary greatlyfrom modest results, which show a 10 to 15 percent increase in retention, to more optimistic results in which retention is increased by as much as 80 percent. They must also hold a current ATP or commercial certificate and earn a score of more than 70% on an FAA-administered flight instructor demonstrated knowledge test. Consequently, the objective normally is stated at the understanding level of learning. In addition to its uses as a summary and transitional device, the interim summary may also be used to keep the group on the subject or to divert the discussion to another member, A guided discussion is closed by summarizing the material covered. An important factor is chart format. Each student essentially receives a customized learning experience, As mentioned earlier, CAL has become a popular training delivery method. In the conclusion the instructor should tie together the various points or topics discussed, and show the relationships between the facts brought forth and the practical application of these facts. best dj pool for old school music. When using a teaching lecture, the instructor plans and delivers an oral presentation in a manner that allows some participation by the students and helps direct them toward the desired learning outcomes, In general lectures, begin with an introduction of the topic to be discussed. Normally, students should not be asked to discuss a subject without some background in that subject, The techniques used to guide a discussion require practice and experience. The PTS also has specific criteria or standards upon which to grade performance; however, the criteria may not always be specific enough for a particular lesson. Such training can include initial training, transition training, upgrade training, recurrent training, and special training. The instructors tools are teaching methods. For example, the instructor may talk about an occurrence where the knowledge in the lesson was applied. During a classroom session, the instructor should provide students with an overview of the presentation before showing it. With this arrangement, each point leads logically to and serves as a reminder of the next. As such, they serve as guides or resource experts and circulate among students who are working individually or in small groups. True performance as a professional is based on study and. That may mean the instructor needs to initiate leading questions, referee if the discussions cause conflict, ensure that all students participate, and at the end summarize what has been learned, Tying the discussion method into the lecture method not only provides active student participation, it also allows students to develop higher order thinking skills (HOTS). Regardless of the teaching or training delivery method used, the teaching process remains the same. To ensure clarity and variety, the instructor should normally use sentences of short and medium length. Someone who teaches is, of course, a teacher or, for the purposes of this handbook, an instructor. They learn by applying what they have been told and shown. In this method, students observe the skill and then try to reproduce it. The controller directed the pilot to the Columbus Metropolitan Airport, Columbus, Georgia. Assessment is explored in more detail in chapter 5, Instructional aids are devices that assist an instructor in the teaching-learning process. Numerous studies have attempted to determine how well instructional aids serve this purpose. These scenarios require the pilot to manage the resources available in the flight deck, exercise sound judgment, and make timely decisions. This complex process is enhanced by the use of appropriate instructional aids that highlight and emphasize the main points or concepts, The working or short-term memory functions are limited by both time and capacity. A good visual aid can help the instructor show the students the path that they are to travel. If a desired capability is to navigate from point A to point B, the objective as stated is not specific enough for all students to do it in the same way. On the other hand, an independent instructor may have considerable latitude, but limited resources. An effective instructor possesses a strong motivation to teach, as well as a positive attitude toward learning. [Figure 4-17], In practice, the choice of instructional aids depends on several factors. It normally includes statements of objectives, descriptions of teaching aids, definitions of assessment criteria, and indications of desired outcome, A determination of objectives and standards is necessary before any important instruction can be presented. Nor do lectures easily allow an instructor to estimate student understanding of the material covered. In a guided discussion, the instructor guides the discussion with the goal of reinforcing a learning objective related to the lesson. It is actually a learned capability, which may be defined as knowledge, a skill, or an attitude. Effective Communication & Instructor Responsibilities - CFI Notebook Lectures also may be used to introduce a unit of instruction or a complete training program. In addition, instructors should be available to summarize the presentation and answer any questions students may have regarding content, "Interactive" refers broadly to computer software that responds quickly to certain choices and commands by the user. Charts, diagrams, and graphs are also in this category. In education, the collaborative problem-solving method combines collaboration with problem solving when the instructor provides a problem to a group who then solves it. Next, explain and demonstrate the steps involved in performing the skill being taught. Time relationships are most suitable when history is an important consideration, as in tracing the development of radio navigation systems, The simple-to-complex pattern helps the instructor lead the student from simple facts or ideas to an understanding of the phenomena or concepts involved. To be a teacher implies one has completed some type of formal training, has specialized knowledge, has been certified or validated in some way, and adheres to a set of standards of performance. A simple process can be used to determine if and where instructional aids are necessary, Clearly establish the lesson objective. Well- designed course outlines are especially useful to students because they list the key points and help students organize note taking during a lecture, Aviation instructors must cover a broad range of aeronautical knowledge and skill training for pilots and AMTs. 740 park avenue documentary netflix . Also as mentioned earlier, discussion involves critical thinking skill. (1) Holds a flight instructor certificate or ground instructor certificate issued under this part; (2) Holds a teacher's certificate issued by a State, county, city, or municipality that authorizes the person to teach at an educational level of the 7th grade or higher; or (3) Is employed as a teacher at an accredited college or university. This concept has led to the adoption of scenario-based training (SBT) in many fields, including aviation. Thus, the instructor provides assistance, reinforcement, and answers for those who need it most, In this situation, the CAL should still be considered as an add-on instructional aid to improve traditional classroom instruction. by Here, the instructor develops the subject matter in a manner that helps the students achieve the desired learning outcomes. It could be a private pilot certificate, an instrument rating, or an AMT certificate or rating. As training becomes more detailed and complex, instructor-oriented materials can be a valuable instructional aid for aviation instructors. By being a lifelong learner, the aviation professional remains current in both aviation and education. This research has revealed that effective instructors come in many forms, but they generally possess four essential teaching skills: people skills, subject matter expertise, management skills, and assessment skills. a flight instructor demonstrates their coaching ability by It is used for study, training, or testing in place of the real object, which is too costly or too dangerous, or which is impossible to obtain. HOTS should be taught throughout the curriculum from simple to complex and from concrete to abstract, Determine learning outcomes for the problem, Consider additional solutions through guided discovery, Reevaluate solution with additional options, Reflect on this solution and why it is the best solution, Consider what "best" means (is it situational), While there are many variations as to how a problem-based lesson might work, it usually involves an incentive or need to solve the problem, a decision on how to find a solution, a possible solution, an explanation for the reasons used to reach that solution, and then reflection on the solution. The effective instructor is able to interpret the meaning of these reactions and adjust the lesson accordingly. Defining a "good instructor" has proven more elusive, but in The Essence of Good Teaching (1985), psychologist Stanford C. Ericksen wrote "good teachers select and organize worthwhile course material, lead students to encode and integrate this material in memorable form, ensure competence in the procedures and methods of a discipline, sustain intellectual curiosity, and promote how to learn independently", Much research has been devoted to trying to discover what makes a "good" or effective instructor. 14 CFR 61.183 - LII / Legal Information Institute An increasingly popular form of teaching, the case study contains a story relative to the student that forces him or her to deal with situations encountered in real life, The instructor presents the case to the students who then analyze it, come to conclusions, and offer possible solutions. It can be a stand-alone software program that takes a learner from lecture to exam or it can be an interactive web-based course of instruction that involves a mixture of mandatory class attendance with e-mail discussions and assignments. New ideas should not be introduced in the conclusion because at this point they are likely to confuse the students, By organizing the lesson material into a logical format, the instructor maximizes the opportunity for students to retain the desired information. The instructor can use questions to determine the experience and background of the students in order to tailor the lecture to their needs, and/or to add variety, stimulate interest, and check student understanding. Even airline simulator programs require tailoring and hands-on interaction with a human instructor.